Symmetry

Only a well -thought -out external decoration of cornices, platbands, a pediment, porch, verandas, etc. D., diverse in pattern, texture and color, can change the initially negative impression of the brainchild of modern industrial housing construction. This technique of “overhead trim” was widely and successfully used in the past in the Ural folk architecture. This had its own meaning. The complex rhythm of the threads of overhead parts (halars, matches, platbands) was contrasting and expressively perceived against the background of a frowning Ural sky and the walls of a harsh chopped house. The manifestation of the rhythm of architectural elements is often associated with the concept of symmetry. Symmetry in the general sense is such a property of a geometric figure (flat or voluminous), in which its individual parts can be applied to one another and at the same time completely coincide. Distinguish between symmetry: 1. On the plane: a) relatively straight, when the outlines of the figure on one side with a mental turn around this straight line coincide with the contour of the figure on the other side; b) relative to the point (center of symmetry), when when turning the figure to a certain angle of its part also coincides. 2. In space: a) relative to the plane of symmetry – a mirror effect; b) regarding the axis of symmetry, when individual parts of the volumetric figure during some turn are mentally superimposed on the other. 3. On the plane and space, there is also a symmetry of the transfer (shift) of rhythmically repeated elements of the figure. The manifestation of symmetry is also observed in nature: in plants, their flowers and fruits, in crystals, snowflakes and in many artificial objects surrounding us. And the person himself, if you look at him in front, is symmetrical. In architecture, symmetry finds the widest application. It practically exists in almost any building, if not in the general plan of the composition, then at least in its individual parts and details.